HOMETOWN HEALTH: Health reminders for the Fourth of July holiday weekend

ROANOKE, Va. (WDBJ) - As millions prepare to celebrate the Fourth of July, health officials are urging the public to take precautions against extreme heat, mosquito-borne illness and a flesh-eating bacteria found in coastal waters.

Stay hydrated in the heat

With much of the country experiencing extreme heat this holiday weekend, the CDC recommends drinking 12 cups of water per day and avoiding sugary, caffeinated and alcoholic beverages.

For workouts lasting less than an hour, water is sufficient. For exercise exceeding one hour, a drink containing electrolytes may be needed. Fresh fruits, vegetables and coconut water can also aid hydration.

Health officials advise drinking water before feeling thirsty. Urine color can indicate hydration levels — light yellow is considered adequate, while dark amber may signal dehydration.

West Nile virus season starts early

West Nile virus season has begun earlier than usual, with more cases reported at this point than in any year since 2004. The CDC said 48 cases of the mosquito-borne disease have been reported across 23 states, and most are considered severe.

The CDC is urging the public to remain vigilant outdoors during the holiday. Officials recommend using an EPA-registered insect repellent and wearing long, loose-fitting clothing from dusk to dawn.

CDC warns of flesh-eating bacteria in coastal waters

The CDC has issued a warning about Vibrio vulnificus, a bacteria that can cause deadly infections. Cases have been identified in New York, Florida and Mississippi.

The bacteria thrives in warm coastal waters and can be contracted while swimming, fishing or walking on the beach. People with open wounds are advised to stay out of saltwater or use a waterproof bandage.

Health officials also recommend avoiding raw or undercooked oysters and washing hands after handling seafood. The CDC reports approximately 100 to 200 Vibrio vulnificus cases each year. The bacteria is fatal for 1 in 5 people if left untreated.